Chlamydia vs. UTI: What's the Difference?

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can easily travel through sexual fluids, including semen, pre-ejaculate, and vaginal fluids—and it can infect any part of the genitals, anus, throat, and even the eyes. Although the infection can be easily treated with a round of antibiotics, the chlamydia bacteria often do not present any symptoms—but the infection can result in significant health problems if left untreated. [1] Also note that chlamydia can come back after treatment if you become infected again. Some common symptoms that you may notice include [2]:

• Pain when urinating or having sex
• Genital discharge
• Testicular pain in people assigned male at birth
• Bleeding between periods or after sex in people assigned female at birth

If you are experiencing symptoms like these, consider taking an at-home chlamydia test to check for infection.

If you’re experiencing symptoms or want to explore treatment options, you can also explore online sexual health care options and, if appropriate, connect with a licensed provider.

It’s important that you do not let a chlamydia infection go untreated or you may risk further, more serious health complications. For example, the long-term effects of chlamydia may include serious issues within the reproductive system that can contribute to infertility in people assigned female at birth. [1] Related: How Long Does a Chlamydia Test Take?

A urinary tract infection, or UTI, refers to a bacterial infection in any part of your urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidneys. [3] Most UTIs affect the lower urinary tract, comprising the urethra and bladder. UTIs can become more severe as they reach the kidneys.

Symptoms of a urinary tract infection include [3]:

• A frequent, persistent urge to urinate
• Burning sensation or pain when urinating
• Frequently passing small amounts of urine
• Urine appearing cloudy, red, bright pink, or cola-colored (often a sign of blood in the urine)
• Urine that has a strong smell
• Pelvic pain

The most challenging part about diagnosing chlamydia is that it often presents no symptoms at all.[1] Many people carry and unknowingly transmit the infection for months without realizing it — which is why routine testing is recommended for anyone who is sexually active, even in the absence of symptoms.

The only way to confirm a chlamydia infection is through testing. If you're experiencing symptoms or have had potential exposure, an at-home Gonorrhea & Chlamydia Test is a convenient option that doesn't require a clinic visit. If you receive a positive result, a telehealth visit with a licensed provider can help you understand your next steps and get treatment started quickly.